On the Development of Science within the Framework of the National Project "Technological Breakthrough through Digitalization, Science and Innovation"

In the global context, there is growing interest in forecasting methods that help societies adapt to new challenges in complex and unpredictable systems. Foresight methods are widely used in developed economies such as the EU, USA, Japan, as well as in BRICS countries. Foresight in science contributes to narrowing the gap between the interests of science, business, and government, facilitates discussions of new opportunities and challenges, and helps develop effective investment policies in scientific research.

The main goal of this work is to analyze advanced practices for forming science development strategies based on foresight studies. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set:

• Overview of methods in the field of foresight research.

• Overview of quantitative foresight methods.

• Overview of qualitative foresight methods.

• Overview of mixed methods in foresight research.

• Overview of the diamond method in foresight research.

• Review of the application of foresight results in forming science development strategies in OECD countries, CIS, and the Republic of Kazakhstan in the field of "Genomic Technologies and Biological Safety."

This work is based on an analysis of existing scientific-practical approaches and methodologies of foresight studies in science development, as well as on the experience of applying foresight results in forming science development strategies in OECD countries, CIS, and Kazakhstan in the field of "Genomic Technologies and Biological Safety.

The pre-foresight examines the results of applying foresight studies for science development in OECD countries, CIS, and Kazakhstan. Scientific research is of great importance for economic well-being; therefore, strategies for developing the scientific and technological sphere are equated with national security strategies. In conditions of social, political, and ecological changes, the task of ensuring epizootic well-being and the quality of veterinary-sanitary products in animal husbandry is relevant. The livestock sector is influenced by achievements in breeding, nutrition, and animal health protection, environmental legislation, animal protection laws, and changes in socio-cultural values.

In the context of globalization and accelerated technological change, it is necessary to form long-term policies for scientific and technological development. To achieve technological leadership, countries invest in science, identify national advantages, and conduct foresight studies to determine innovation priorities and "growth points" in science and technology.

The tasks include an overview of foresight research methods—both quantitative and qualitative—and the application of foresight results in science development strategies in OECD countries, CIS, and Kazakhstan in the areas of "Genomic Technologies and Biological Safety," "Green Technologies and Water Security," "Digital Development and Cybersecurity," "National Security," and "Agrotechnologies and Food Security."